4 Ineffective military means either inhibit the options of political authorities, result in catastrophic failure, or increase costs and risks. Without coherent and integrated doctrine, the Army and other services are unlikely to be an effective means of achieving national military objectives. 3 Because military doctrine drives concepts about what military means are required and how to employ them, the doctrine must be integrated with the political grand strategy. 2 Doctrine focuses on the military means a state expects to employ and how it expects to employ them, and often centers on the preferred mode of fighting wars. 1 Military doctrine is an important component of any national grand strategy means-ends chain, conceptually designed to achieve national objectives. Army released the new Field Manual (FM) 3-0, Operations, and other related doctrine for future conflicts. (Photo courtesy of the National Nuclear Security Administration/Nevada Field Office) In future large-scale combat operations against enemies who possess nuclear weapons, doctrine needs to stipulate detailed planning required to preclude enemies from employing such weapons effectively against friendly forces. Hundreds of high-ranking Armed Forces officers and members of Congress were present to observe the test.

A 15-kiloton nuclear artillery round is fired from a 280-mm cannon at the Nevada Proving Grounds.

What is armed conflict and dislocation